Archeological studies have uncovered stone tools, pottery and other artifacts. They defended themselves in Kat Hing Wai, a walled village. Isogai Rensuke became the first Japanese governor of Hong Kong. "The Hong Kong Policy of the People's Republic of China, 1949-1997. The long-held British practice of no general elections by HK citizens remains unchanged. At the same time, the economy tried to adjust fiscally. During the Japanese occupation, hyper-inflation and food rationing became the norm of daily lives. "[59][60] By amending the Annex I and Annex II of the Basic Law of Hong Kong, the composition of the Legislative Council (LegCo) and the Election Committee (EC). A "decision on improving the electoral system of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region" was passed by the National People's Congress (NPC) on 11 March 2021 to rewrite the election rules in Hong Kong to ensure a system of "patriots governing Hong Kong. British citizens (without the right of abode) are no longer able to work in Hong Kong for one year without a visa; the policy was changed on 1 April 1997. On 10 May 1278, Child Zhao Bing, the last Song Dynasty emperor, was enthroned at Mui Wo on Lantau Island; this event is commemorated by the Sung Wong Toi memorial in Kowloon. North Point was known as "Little Shanghai" (小上海), since in the minds of many, it had already become the replacement for the surrendered Shanghai in China. [23][24] After his defeat at the Battle of Yamen on 19 March 1279, the child emperor committed suicide by drowning with his officials at Mount Ya (modern Yamen Town in Guangdong). Special Jun 28th 1997 edition. 1898 and all that—a brief history of Hong Kong. At the same time, the warnings of the 1997 handover raised emigration statistics to historic highs. 2 . Current politics swirls around defining what Hong Kong is. [citation needed], During the second half of the 19th century, the British became increasingly weary of the Chinese controlled islands surrounding their newly bought port. Bronze appeared in the second millennium BC and weapons and tools like axes and fishhooks were found. At the same time, many foreign firms relocated their offices from Shanghai to Hong Kong. It is feared that the bill would cause the city to open itself up to the reach of mainland Chinese law and that people from Hong Kong could become subject to a different legal system. From the Monthly Letter of the First National City Bank of New York, December 1959. [46], Family values and Chinese tradition were challenged as people spent more time in the factories than at home. Pre-1842. [9][10], In the 21st century, Hong Kong has continued to enjoy success as a financial centre. It provided the pretext for racial zoning with the creation of Peak Reservation Ordinance[40] and recognising the importance of the first hospital. Bronze appeared in the second millennium BC and weapons and tools like axes and fishhooks were found. The settlers in this area during that time were the Che people, who also settled on the coast of Southern China. The pro-democratic bloc criticised it as not democratic enough. A sizeable portion of the population that was previously against the handover found itself living with the adjustments. E-Sports: An Emerging Sector E-sports is a short form for “Electronic Sports”, referring to computer games played in a competitive setting structured into leagues. [45], The manufacturing industry opened a new decade employing large sections of the population. The Hong Kong immigration system provides for a range of temporary stays including visits for business or tourism, as well as longer-term routes for training, study, employment, and investment. Vaudine England is a journalist and historian based on Hong Kong. From this time, people's homes became part of Hong Kong's skyline and scenery. THE island metropolis of Hong Kong is uniquely both a part of, and independent to, mainland China. On 4 April 1990, the Hong Kong Basic Law was officially accepted as the mini-constitution of the Hong Kong SAR after the handover. By 1950, the population of Hong Kong swelled to 2.3 million. Canada - Culture. [6] Hong Kong greatly increased its population from refugees from Mainland China, particularly during the Korea War and the Great Leap Forward. Circa 4000 BC:The first stone-age settlements are established on the south China coast. The 1970s saw the extension of government subsidised education from six years to nine years and the setup of Hong Kong's country parks system. Before the British government colonised the New Territories and New Kowloon in 1898, Punti, Hakka, Tanka and Hokkien people had migrated to and stayed in Hong Kong for many years. [2] Britain also won the Second Opium War, forcing the Qing Empire to cede Kowloon in 1860, while leasing the New Territories for 99 years from 1898.[3][4]. Such schools are international schools, which teach in English. Some argue that it always was and so must be a Chinese city. Current politics swirls around defining what Hong Kong is. China Mike’s Hong Kong History for Dummies: A non-boring timeline. [1997](1997). Verdant garden in crimson splendor 5. Central, Hong Kong: Text Form Asia books Ltd. p. 12. ISBN Volume One 0-19-592723-0, sfn error: no target: CITEREFCarroll2007 (. One in every eight bombs was genuine. They are the indigenous inhabitants of Hong Kong. Road names reflecting Britain's 156 years of control of the territory remain. Where in battle great armies in met. Brief History of Hong Kong: The area that is today Hong Kong was settled by the Han Chinese dynasty in the 7th century. China's own economic advance since the late 1970s then helped transform Hong Kong from a manufacturing to a services-led economy. In 1984, the British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher signed the Sino-British Joint Declaration, which incited a wave of emigration from Hong Kong. [56], On 27 January 2021, CCP general secretary Xi Jinping said that Hong Kong could only maintain its long-term stability and security by ensuring "patriots governing Hong Kong" when he heard a work report delivered by Carrie Lam. Island named as Hong Kong didn't represent anything special about itself before the moment when its became the first British possession in China. Most of these refugees were Chinese Song dynasty loyalists fleeing the Mongol conquest of Song China. Bomb disposal experts from the police and the British military defused as many as 8,000 home-made bombs. When necessity forced Hong Kong to find new sources of income to replace the lost China trade, its resourceful businessmen wasted no time. The. Sometimes small corners of the map can have outsized effects on the surrounding world. The financial world was also rattled by panics, leading to waves of policy changes and Black Saturday. Archaeological evidence indicates that the population increased during the Han dynasty (206 BC – AD 220). [31][32] In the 1850s large numbers of Chinese would emigrate from China to Hong Kong due to the Taiping Rebellion. Hong Kong’s Role in Modern Chinese History, Hongkong 1984, S. 12–23. The population of Hong Kong had shrunk to 600,000; less than half of the pre-war population of 1.6 million due to scarcity of food and emigration. [35] A Chinese commissioner Lin Zexu voiced to Queen Victoria the Qing state's opposition to the opium trade. Meanwhile, Hong Kong was now recognised as one of the wealthiest representatives of the far east. Lim, Patricia. During the Qin dynasty, the territory was governed by Panyu County until the time of the Jin dynasty. It was the highest election turnout in Hong Kong’s history, and delivered a stinging rebuke to the government. The British, Canadians, Indians and the Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Forces resisted the Japanese invasion commanded by Sakai Takashi which started on 8 December 1941, eight hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor. In 1982, the British Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher, hoped that the increasing openness of the PRC government and the economic reform in the mainland would allow the continuation of British rule. ", This page was last edited on 11 April 2021, at 08:25. Under the "one country, two systems" arrangement, it has some autonomy, and its people more rights. INTRODUCTION : THE HONG KONG HISTORY PROJECT. Ma Wan was the earliest settlement with direct evidence in Hong Kong. Large squatter camps developed throughout the territory providing homes for the massive and growing number of immigrants. However, Hong Kong during World War I saw no direct military action, and Hong Kong's population continued to boom in the following decades from 530,000 in 1916 to 725,000 in 1925. INTRODUCTION : THE HONG KONG HISTORY PROJECT Biographers like to say that the most formative period in a person’s life is that from late teenage into adulthood, roughly from 17 to 21 years of age. Hong Kong has been the subject of a number of academic and popular works of history, and research and heritage projects, but there is much that remains under-explored. Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China with a degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense Facebook Twitter Pinterest Email WhatsApp. St Stephen's Anglican Church located in West Point was founded by the Church Mission Society in 1865. [citation needed], On 1 July 1997 (23 years ago) (1997-07-01), the lease ended, and the United Kingdom transferred control of Hong Kong and surrounding territories to the People's Republic of China. Canada. [26][27] The Encyclopaedia Americana described Hoklo and Tanka as living in Hong Kong "since prehistoric times".[28][29][30]. 1856 – The second Opium War breaks out. Hong Kong is a special administrative region (SAR) of the People's Republic of China. Print. Years later, in 1699, the East India Company from Britain … In the 1950s, the tomb at Lei Cheng Uk from the Eastern Han dynasty (25–220 AD) was excavated and archaeologists began to investigate the possibility that salt production flourished in Hong Kong around 2000 years ago, although conclusive evidence has not been found. Central, Hong Kong: Oxford University Press. To the recently independent countries of that region Hong Kong offered not just trade but the benefit of its mercantile experience. First National City Bank. The image incorporates the Chinese characters for 'Hong Kong' (香港) and the letters 'H' and 'K'. The territory that now comprises Hong Kong was loosely part of China during the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC), and the area was part of the ancient kingdom of Nam Viet (203–111 BC). The old Legislative Council, elected under Chris Patten's reforms, was replaced by the Provisional Legislative Council elected by a selection committee whose members were appointed by the PRC government. The Third Pandemic of Bubonic Plague attacked Hong Kong in the 1894 Hong Kong plague. He immediately reappointed the entire team of policy secretaries, guaranteeing significant continuity.[52]. English is still taught in all schools. The number of impoverished Hongkongers hit a record high in 2016 with one in five people living below the poverty line. [citation needed]. Canadian Winnipeg Grenadiers fought at the crucial Wong Nai Chong Gap, which was the passage between the north and the secluded southern parts of the island. However, many schools teach in. The 415 metre (1,362-feet) tall 88 storey Two International Finance Centre, completed in 2003, previously Hong Kong's tallest building, has been eclipsed by the 484 metre (1,588-feet) tall, 118 storey International Commerce Centre in West Kowloon, which was topped-out in 2010 and remains the tallest skyscraper in Hong Kong. Hong Kong's skylines have continued to evolve, with three new skyscrapers dominating, each in Kowloon, Tsuen Wan and Victoria, Hong Kong. Hong Kong is the world’s 12th largest trading economy, its sixth largest foreign exchange market, 15th largest banking centre and Asia’s third biggest stock market. No. British reports on Hong Kong described the Tanka and Hoklo living in Hong Kong "since time unknown". However, there were also battles between the Chinese and Portuguese and soon the trading stopped. But between 1842 and 1898, the British Empire gradually seized control of the three main regions that make up modern-day Hong Kong: Hong Kong Island, the Kowloon Peninsula and the New Territories. 1850 – The population of Hong Kong stands at 32,000. Tai Po Hoi, the sea of Tai Po, was a major pearl hunting harbour in China from the Han dynasty through to the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), with activities peaking during the Southern Han (917–971). During the three and half years of occupation by the Japanese, an estimated 10,000 Hong Kong civilians were executed, while many others were tortured, raped, or mutilated. All of these regions were still under Chinese control when the empire went t… History. Field of LIFE but once, plain of DEATH 6. The tiny island of Hong Kong … In Insignificance, Xu Xi ambitiously claimed that she was doing a little bit of what Dream of the Red Chamber was doing—to create classic images of what a Chinese novel coming into the modern world was like.. Insignificance is a collection of eleven short fictions dealing prominently with questions of the identity of Hong Kong people. The 'Royal' title was dropped from almost all organisations that had been granted it, with the exception of the, Legal references to the 'Crown' were replaced by references to the 'State', and barristers who had been appointed. This dual expression symbolises the blend of East and West that characterises Hong Kong. It is a vibrant cultural and financial center of Chinese society. When the Union Flag was raised over Possession Point on 26 January 1841, the population of Hong Kong island was about 7,450, mostly Tanka fishermen and Hakka charcoal burners living in a number of coastal villages. More refugees came during the Great Leap Forward. It was quite wild and outdated region consisting from few fisherman`s hats. Imperial Airways set up a base in 1936. The region of Hong Kong has been inhabited since the Old Stone Age, later becoming part of the Chinese empire with its loose incorporation into the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC). Conditions in public housing were very basic with several families sharing communal cooking facilities. The pro-Beijing bloc welcomed the Basic Law, calling it the most democratic legal system to ever exist in the PRC. Siu-Kai, Lau. ", "Sung Wong Toi | Hong Kong Tourism Board", "Chinese Refugees in Annam and Champa at the end of the Sung Dynasty", "Private Trade between England and China in the Eighteenth Century (1680-1833)", "Life Inside The Most Densely Populated Place On Earth [Infographic]", "Celebrating two lives well lived : Featured OTT : Videos", "Poverty in Hong Kong hits record high with 1 in 5 considered poor", "China has breached Hong Kong Joint Declaration, says UK", "Xi Focus: Xi stresses "patriots governing Hong Kong" when hearing Carrie Lam's work report", "China approves plan to veto Hong Kong election candidates", "Improving Hong Kong's electoral system important for developing high-quality democracy", Bibliography of Hong Kong Archaeology on the University of Hong Kong website, "Story of the Stanford family and the effect of the fall of Hong Kong in 1941. History of modern Hong Kong started at the beginning of XIX century. The PRC government viewed this as a breach of the Basic Law. The British and the Indians retreated from the Gin Drinker's Line and consequently from Kowloon under heavy aerial bombardment and artillery barrage. [14] In 2020, the National People's Congress passed a national security law that was highly scrutinized by the pro-democracy faction; it was a catalyst that provoked many protests throughout the territory. On the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress established the Hong Kong National Security Law which came into effect on 1 July 2020. The communist revolution in China in 1949 led to another population boom in Hong Kong. Political news dominated the media, while real estate took a major upswing. Signal 8 Press. The Yuet people competed and assimilated with the indigenous Che people. It remained part of various Chinese dynasties for the next 2,000 years. The Qing-dynasty Chinese pirate Cheung Po Tsai became a legend in Hong Kong. Post-British Hong Kong is just turning 18 years old. People had to rely on salt, pearl and fishery trades to produce income. [44] Philip Snow, a prominent historian of the period, said that the Japanese cut rations for civilians to conserve food for soldiers, usually to starvation levels and deported many to famine- and disease-ridden areas of the mainland. However, civil unrest, dissatisfaction with the government and Chinese influence, in general, has been a central issue. History timeline. Hong Kong is a special administrative region (SAR) of the People's Republic of China. 1845 –The Hong Kong Police Force is established. Sun led the Chinese Revolution of 1911, which changed China from an empire to a republic. [1], The Qing dynasty ceded Hong Kong to the British Empire in 1842 through the treaty of Nanjing, ending the First Opium War. Die staatliche Rundfunkgesellschaft Radio Television Hong Kong überträgt sieben verschiedene Programme in Chinesisch und Englisch; außerdem gibt es mehrere kommerzielle Sender wie die Satellitenfunkgesellschaft Star TV. Hong Kong. : 港), ist eine Metropole und Sonderverwaltungszone an der Südküste der Volksrepublik China im Mündungsgebiet des Perlflusses.Mit über sieben Millionen Einwohnern auf 1106 Quadratkilometern und einem bedeutenden Wirtschafts- … The Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese was founded by the London Missionary Society in 1887, and Sun Yat-sen was one of its first two graduates in 1892. The island became a Crown Colony of the British Empire.[36]. Until 1997, Hong Kong was ruled by Britain as a colony but then returned to China. Hong Kong SAR passport holders have easier access to countries in Europe and North America, while mainland citizens do not. Old Hong Kong – Volume Three. China was defeated and was forced to cede Hong Kong in the Treaty of Nanking signed on 29 August 1842. Hong Kong. After several unsuccessful attacks by the British troops, the iron gate was blasted open. A chronology of key events: 1842 - China cedes Hong Kong island to Britain after the First Opium War.
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